- The
follow California Science Content Standards are Addressed in
Activity Two:
"Why
is our water polluted, and how can we do about it?"
Other
Standards Address in Water Pollution Unit
Grade 3
Investigation and Experimentation
5. Scientific progress is made by asking meaningful questions
and conducting careful investigations. As a basis for understanding
this concept, and to address the content the other three strands,
students should develop their own questions and perform investigations.
Students will:
a. repeat observations to improve accuracy, and know that
the results of similar scientific investigations seldom turn
out exactly the same because of differences in the things being
investigated, methods being used, or uncertainty in the observation.
b. differentiate evidence from opinion, and know that scientists
do not rely on claims or conclusions unless they are backed by
observations that can be confirmed.
c. use numerical data in describing and comparing objects,
events and measurements.
d. predict the outcome of a simple investigation, and compare
the result to the prediction.
e. collect data in an investigation and analyze them to develop
a logical conclusion.
Grade 4
Investigation and Experimentation
6. Scientific progress is made by asking meaningful questions
and conducting careful investigations. As a basis for understanding
this concept, and to address the content the other three strands,
students should develop their own questions and perform investigations.
Students will:
a. differentiate observation from inference (interpretation),
and know that scientists explanations come partly from
what they observe and partly from how they interpret their observations.
b. measure and estimate weight, length, or volume of objects.
c. formulate predictions and justify predictions based on
cause and effect relationships.
d. conduct multiple trials to test a prediction and draw conclusions
about the
relationships between results and predictions.
e. construct and interpret graphs from measurements.
f. follow a set of written instructions for a scientific investigation.
Grade 5
Earth Sciences
3. Water on Earth moves between the oceans and land through
the processes of evaporation and condensation. As a basis for
understanding this concept, students know:
d. the amount of fresh water, located in rivers, lakes, underground
sources, and glaciers, is limited, and its availability can be
extended through recycling and decreased use.
e. the origin of water used by their local communities.
Investigation and Experimentation
6. Scientific progress is made by asking meaningful questions
and conducting careful investigations. As a basis for understanding
this concept, and to address the content the other three strands,
students should develop their own questions and perform investigations.
Students will:
a. classify objects (e.g., rocks, plant, leaves) based on
appropriate criteria.
b. develop a testable question.
c. plan and conduct a simple investigation based on a student-developed
question, and write instructions others can follow to carry out
the procedure.
d. identify the dependent and controlled variables in an investigation.
e. identify a single independent variable in a scientific
investigation and explain what will be learned by collecting
data on this variable.
f. select appropriate tools (e.g., thermometers, meter sticks,
balances, and graduated cylinders) and make quantitative observations.
g. record data using appropriate graphic representation (including
charts, graphs, and labeled diagrams), and make inferences based
on those data.
h. draw conclusions based on scientific evidence and indicate
whether further information is needed to support a specific conclusion.
i. write a report of an investigation that includes tests
conducted, data collected or evidence examined, and conclusions
drawn.
Grade 6
Focus on Earth Science
Resources
6. Sources of energy and materials differ in amounts, distribution,
usefulness, and the time required for their formation. As a basis
for understanding this concept, students know:
b. different natural energy and material resources, including
air, soil, rocks, minerals,
petroleum, fresh water, wildlife, and forests, and classify them
as renewable or
nonrenewable.
Investigation and Experimentation
7. Scientific progress is made by asking meaningful questions
and conducting careful investigations. As a basis for understanding
this concept, and to address the content the other three strands,
students should develop their own questions and perform investigations.
Students will:
a. develop a hypothesis.
b. select and use appropriate tools and technology (including
calculators, computers, balances, spring scales, microscopes,
and binoculars) to perform tests, collect data, and display data.
c. construct appropriate graphs from data and develop qualitative
statements about the relationships between variables.
d. communicate the steps and results from an investigation
in written reports and verbal
presentations.
e. recognize whether evidence is consistent with a proposed
explanation.
f. read a topographic map and a geologic map for evidence
provided on the maps, and construct and interpret a simple scale
map.
g. interpret events by sequence and time from natural phenomena
(e.g., relative ages of rocks and intrusions).
h. identify changes in natural phenomena over time without
manipulating the phenomena (e.g., a tree limb, a grove of trees,
a stream, a hillslope).
Grade 7
Focus on Physical Science:
Density and Buoyancy
8. All objects experience a buoyant force when immersed in
a fluid. As a basis for understanding this concept, students
know:
a. density is mass per unit volume.
b. how to calculate the density of substances (regular and
irregular solids, and liquids) from measurements of mass and
volume.
c. the buoyant force on an object in a fluid is an upward
force equal to the weight of the fluid it has displaced.
d. how to predict whether an object will float or sink.
Investigation and Experimentation
7. Scientific progress is made by asking meaningful questions
and conducting careful investigations. As a basis for understanding
this concept, and to address the content the other three strands,
students should develop their own questions and perform investigations.
Students will:
a. select and use appropriate tools and technology (including
calculators, computers, balances, spring scales, microscopes,
and binoculars) to perform tests, collect data, and display data.
b. utilize a variety of print and electronic resources (including
the World Wide Web) to collect information as evidence as part
of a research project.
c. communicate the logical connection among hypothesis, science
concepts, tests conducted, data collected, and conclusions drawn
from the scientific evidence.
d. construct scale models, maps and appropriately labeled
diagrams to communicate scientific knowledge (e.g., motion of
Earths plates and cell structure).
e. communicate the steps and results from an investigation
in written reports and verbal presentations.
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