Chemicool

W

74

183.85
Tungsten
General | States | Energies | Oxidation & Electrons |Appearance & Characteristics
Reactions | Other Forms |Radius | Conductivity | Abundance
Encyclopedia Britannica articles

General
Name Tungsten Symbol W
atomic number 74 Atomic weight 183.85
Density @ 293 K 19.3 g/cm3 Atomic volume 9.53 cm3/mol
Group Trans. Met. discovered 1783

States
state (s, l, g) s
melting point 3683.2 K boiling point 5773 K
Heat of fusion 35.40 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization 824.0 kJ/mol
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Energies
1st ionization energy 770 kJ/mole electronegativity 2.36
2nd ionization energy kJ/mole electron affinity 78.6 kJ/mole
3rd ionization energy kJ/mole Specific heat 0.13 J/gK
heat atomization 849 kJ/mole atoms

Oxidation & Electrons
Shells 2,8,18,32,12,2 electron configuration [Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2
minimum oxidation number -2 maximum oxidation number 6
min. common oxidation no. 0 max. common oxidation no. 6
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Appearance & Characteristics
structure bcc: body-centered cubic color bluish-gray
uses WC drill bits, bulb wire toxicity
hardness mohs characteristics highest melting metal

Reactions
reaction with air none, w/ht = WO3 reaction with 6M HCl none
reaction with 6M HCl none reaction with 15M HNO3
reaction with 6M NaOH
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Other Forms
number of isotopes 5 hydride(s)
oxide(s) WO2 WO3 chloride(s) WClx [x=2-6]

Radius
ionic radius (2- ion) pm ionic radius (1- ion) pm
atomic radius 139 pm ionic radius (1+ ion) pm
ionic radius (2+ ion) pm ionic radius (3+ ion) pm
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Conductivity
thermal conductivity 173 J/m-sec-deg electrical conductivity 176.991 1/mohm-cm
polarizability 11.1 A^3

Abundance
source Scheelite,wolframite(oxide) rel. abund. solar system -0.876 log
abundance earth's crust 0.2 log cost, pure 11 $/100g
cost, bulk $/100g
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