Chemicool

Sb

51

121.75
Antimony
General | States | Energies | Oxidation & Electrons |Appearance & Characteristics
Reactions | Other Forms |Radius | Conductivity | Abundance
Encyclopedia Britannica articles

General
Name Antimony Symbol Sb
atomic number 51 Atomic weight 121.75
Density @ 293 K 6.684 g/cm3 Atomic volume 18.23 cm3/mol
Group Metal, Nitrogen group discovered 1600

States
state (s, l, g) s
melting point 903.94 K boiling point 1860 K
Heat of fusion 19.870 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization 77.140 kJ/mol
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Energies
1st ionization energy 833.7 kJ/mole electronegativity 2.05
2nd ionization energy 1594.9 kJ/mole electron affinity 103 kJ/mole
3rd ionization energy 2441.1 kJ/mole Specific heat 0.21 J/gK
heat atomization 262 kJ/mole atoms

Oxidation & Electrons
Shells 2,8,18,18,5 electron configuration [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3
minimum oxidation number -3 maximum oxidation number 5
min. common oxidation no. 0 max. common oxidation no. 5
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Appearance & Characteristics
structure rhombohedral color bluish-white
uses Pb alloy(battery), dyeing toxicity
hardness 3.15 mohs characteristics brittle; 5 forms

Reactions
reaction with air mild, w/ht, = Sb2Ox x=3-5 reaction with 6M HCl none
reaction with 6M HCl none reaction with 15M HNO3 mild, = Sb2O5
reaction with 6M NaOH none
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Other Forms
number of isotopes 2 hydride(s) SbH3
oxide(s) Sb2O3 Sb2O4 Sb2O5 chloride(s) SbCl3 SbCl5

Radius
ionic radius (2- ion) pm ionic radius (1- ion) pm
atomic radius 140 pm ionic radius (1+ ion) pm
ionic radius (2+ ion) pm ionic radius (3+ ion) 90 pm
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Conductivity
thermal conductivity 24.4 J/m-sec-deg electrical conductivity 25.641 1/mohm-cm
polarizability 6.6 A^3

Abundance
source Stibnite (sulfide) rel. abund. solar system -0.510 log
abundance earth's crust -0.7 log cost, pure 4.5 $/100g
cost, bulk 0.44 $/100g
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