Chemicool

Br

35

79.904
Bromine
General | States | Energies | Oxidation & Electrons |Appearance & Characteristics
Reactions | Other Forms |Radius | Conductivity | Abundance
Encyclopedia Britannica articles

General
Name Bromine Symbol Br
atomic number 35 Atomic weight 79.904
Density @ 293 K 3.119 g/cm3 Atomic volume 23.5 cm3/mol
Group Halogen discovered 1826

States
state (s, l, g) l
melting point 266 K boiling point 332.7 K
Heat of fusion 5.286 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization 15.438 kJ/mol
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Energies
1st ionization energy 1139.9 kJ/mole electronegativity 2.96
2nd ionization energy 2103.4 kJ/mole electron affinity 324.7 kJ/mole
3rd ionization energy 3473.4 kJ/mole Specific heat 0.473 J/gK
heat atomization 112 kJ/mole atoms

Oxidation & Electrons
Shells 2,8,18,7 electron configuration [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5
minimum oxidation number -1 maximum oxidation number 7
min. common oxidation no. -1 max. common oxidation no. 5
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Appearance & Characteristics
structure layers of Br2 color red-brown
uses pesticides,photography toxicity yes
hardness mohs characteristics diatomic,corrosive,liquid

Reactions
reaction with air none reaction with 6M HCl none, dissolves Br2(aq)
reaction with 6M HCl none, dissolves Br2(aq) reaction with 15M HNO3
reaction with 6M NaOH mild, = OBr-, Br-
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Other Forms
number of isotopes 2 hydride(s) HBr
oxide(s) Br2O BrO2 chloride(s) BrCl

Radius
ionic radius (2- ion) pm ionic radius (1- ion) 182 pm
atomic radius 114 pm ionic radius (1+ ion) pm
ionic radius (2+ ion) pm ionic radius (3+ ion) pm
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Conductivity
thermal conductivity 0.12 J/m-sec-deg electrical conductivity 0 1/mohm-cm
polarizability 3.1 A^3

Abundance
source Seawater, brines rel. abund. solar system 1.072 log
abundance earth's crust 0.4 log cost, pure 4.9 $/100g
cost, bulk $/100g
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