Chemicool

Tb

65

158.9254
Terbium
General | States | Energies | Oxidation & Electrons |Appearance & Characteristics
Reactions | Other Forms |Radius | Conductivity | Abundance
Encyclopedia Britannica articles

General
Name Terbium Symbol Tb
atomic number 65 Atomic weight 158.9254
Density @ 293 K 8.27 g/cm3 Atomic volume 19.2 cm3/mol
Group Rare Earth, Lanthanides discovered 1843

States
state (s, l, g) s
melting point 1633.2 K boiling point 3073 K
Heat of fusion 10.80 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization 330.90 kJ/mol
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Energies
1st ionization energy 564.7 kJ/mole electronegativity 1.21
2nd ionization energy 1112 kJ/mole electron affinity 50 kJ/mole
3rd ionization energy 2114 kJ/mole Specific heat 0.18 J/gK
heat atomization 389 kJ/mole atoms

Oxidation & Electrons
Shells 2,8,18,27,8,2 electron configuration [Xe] 4f9 6s2
minimum oxidation number 0 maximum oxidation number 4
min. common oxidation no. 0 max. common oxidation no. 3
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Appearance & Characteristics
structure hcp: hexagonal close pkd color silvery-white
uses alloys toxicity
hardness mohs characteristics soft

Reactions
reaction with air vigorous, = Tb4O7 (approx.) reaction with 6M HCl mild, = H2, TbCl3
reaction with 6M HCl mild, = H2, TbCl3 reaction with 15M HNO3 mild, = Tb(NO3)3
reaction with 6M NaOH
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Other Forms
number of isotopes 1 hydride(s) TbH2 TbH3
oxide(s) TbO2 Tb4O7 chloride(s) TbCl3

Radius
ionic radius (2- ion) pm ionic radius (1- ion) pm
atomic radius 177 pm ionic radius (1+ ion) pm
ionic radius (2+ ion) pm ionic radius (3+ ion) 106.3 pm
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Conductivity
thermal conductivity 11.1 J/m-sec-deg electrical conductivity 8.8 1/mohm-cm
polarizability 25.5 A^3

Abundance
source Monazite(phosphate),bastnaesite rel. abund. solar system -1.220 log
abundance earth's crust 0 log cost, pure 1800 $/100g
cost, bulk $/100g
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