Chemicool

Li

3

6.94
Lithium
General | States | Energies | Oxidation & Electrons |Appearance & Characteristics
Reactions | Other Forms |Radius | Conductivity | Abundance
Encyclopedia Britannica articles

General
Name Lithium Symbol Li
atomic number 3 Atomic weight 6.94
Density @ 293 K 0.53 g/cm3 Atomic volume 13.10 cm3/mol
Group Alkali Met. discovered 1817

States
state (s, l, g) s
melting point 453.74 K boiling point 1620 K
Heat of fusion 3.00 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization 145.920 kJ/mol
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Energies
1st ionization energy 520.2 kJ/mole electronegativity 0.98
2nd ionization energy 7394.4 kJ/mole electron affinity 59.63 kJ/mole
3rd ionization energy 11814.6 kJ/mole Specific heat 3.6 J/gK
heat atomization 161 kJ/mole atoms

Oxidation & Electrons
Shells 2,1 electron configuration [He] 2s1
minimum oxidation number -1 maximum oxidation number 1
min. common oxidation no. 0 max. common oxidation no. 1
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Appearance & Characteristics
structure bcc: body-centered cubic color silvery
uses batteries, lubricant toxicity
hardness 0.6 mohs characteristics soft, lightest solid

Reactions
reaction with air vigorous, = Li2O reaction with 6M HCl vigorous, = H2, LiCl
reaction with 6M HCl vigorous, = H2, LiCl reaction with 15M HNO3 vigorous, = LiNO3
reaction with 6M NaOH mild, = H2, LiOH
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Other Forms
number of isotopes 2 hydride(s) LiH
oxide(s) Li2O chloride(s) LiCl

Radius
ionic radius (2- ion) pm ionic radius (1- ion) pm
atomic radius 152 pm ionic radius (1+ ion) 90 pm
ionic radius (2+ ion) pm ionic radius (3+ ion) pm
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Conductivity
thermal conductivity 84.8 J/m-sec-deg electrical conductivity 107.8 1/mohm-cm
polarizability 24.3 A^3

Abundance
source Spodumene (silicate) rel. abund. solar system 1.757 log
abundance earth's crust 1.3 log cost, pure 27 $/100g
cost, bulk $/100g
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