Chemicool

Be

4

9.01218
Beryllium
General | States | Energies | Oxidation & Electrons |Appearance & Characteristics
Reactions | Other Forms |Radius | Conductivity | Abundance
Encyclopedia Britannica articles

General
Name Beryllium Symbol Be
atomic number 4 Atomic weight 9.01218
Density @ 293 K 1.848 g/cm3 Atomic volume 5.0 cm3/mol
Group Alkali Earth discovered 1797

States
state (s, l, g) s
melting point 1551.2 K boiling point 2773 K
Heat of fusion 12.20 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization 292.40 kJ/mol
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Energies
1st ionization energy 899.4 kJ/mole electronegativity 1.57
2nd ionization energy 1757.1 kJ/mole electron affinity kJ/mole
3rd ionization energy 14848.3 kJ/mole Specific heat 1.82 J/gK
heat atomization 324 kJ/mole atoms

Oxidation & Electrons
Shells 2,2 electron configuration [He] 2s2
minimum oxidation number 0 maximum oxidation number 2
min. common oxidation no. 0 max. common oxidation no. 2
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Appearance & Characteristics
structure hcp: hexagonal close pkd color steel gray
uses Cu alloys, X-ray windows toxicity yes
hardness mohs characteristics toxic

Reactions
reaction with air vigorous, w/ht= BeO,Be3N2 reaction with 6M HCl mild, = H2
reaction with 6M HCl mild, = H2 reaction with 15M HNO3 none
reaction with 6M NaOH mild, = H2, [Be(OH)4](2-)
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Other Forms
number of isotopes 1 hydride(s) BeH2
oxide(s) BeO chloride(s) BeCl2

Radius
ionic radius (2- ion) pm ionic radius (1- ion) pm
atomic radius 112 pm ionic radius (1+ ion) pm
ionic radius (2+ ion) 59 pm ionic radius (3+ ion) pm
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Conductivity
thermal conductivity 201 J/m-sec-deg electrical conductivity 250 1/mohm-cm
polarizability 5.6 A^3

Abundance
source Beryl (silicate) rel. abund. solar system -0.137 log
abundance earth's crust 0.4 log cost, pure 530 $/100g
cost, bulk 59 $/100g
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