Chemicool

Al

13

26.98154
Aluminum
General | States | Energies | Oxidation & Electrons |Appearance & Characteristics
Reactions | Other Forms |Radius | Conductivity | Abundance
Encyclopedia Britannica articles

General
Name Aluminum Symbol Al
atomic number 13 Atomic weight 26.98154
Density @ 293 K 2.702 g/cm3 Atomic volume 10.0 cm3/mol
Group Metal discovered 1825

States
state (s, l, g) s
melting point 933.57 K boiling point 2740 K
Heat of fusion 10.790 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization 293.40 kJ/mol
Back to the top

Energies
1st ionization energy 577.6 kJ/mole electronegativity 1.61
2nd ionization energy 1816.6 kJ/mole electron affinity 42.6 kJ/mole
3rd ionization energy 2744.7 kJ/mole Specific heat 0.90 J/gK
heat atomization 326 kJ/mole atoms

Oxidation & Electrons
Shells 2,8,3 electron configuration [Ne] 3s2 3p1
minimum oxidation number 0 maximum oxidation number 3
min. common oxidation no. 0 max. common oxidation no. 3
Back to the top

Appearance & Characteristics
structure fcc: face-centered cubic color silvery
uses Al cans & foil,reflectors toxicity
hardness 2.8 mohs characteristics passivated: surface oxide

Reactions
reaction with air mild, w/ht = Al2O3 reaction with 6M HCl mild, = H2, AlCl3
reaction with 6M HCl mild, = H2, AlCl3 reaction with 15M HNO3 passivated
reaction with 6M NaOH mild, = H2, [Al(OH)4]-
Back to the top

Other Forms
number of isotopes 1 hydride(s) AlH3
oxide(s) Al2O3 chloride(s) AlCl3Al2Cl6

Radius
ionic radius (2- ion) pm ionic radius (1- ion) pm
atomic radius 143 pm ionic radius (1+ ion) pm
ionic radius (2+ ion) pm ionic radius (3+ ion) 67.5 pm
Back to the top

Conductivity
thermal conductivity 237 J/m-sec-deg electrical conductivity 376.676 1/mohm-cm
polarizability 8.3 A^3

Abundance
source Bauxite (oxide) rel. abund. solar system 4.929 log
abundance earth's crust 4.9 log cost, pure 1.8 $/100g
cost, bulk 0.12 $/100g
Back to the top
World Wide Web presentation of Chemicool Periodic Table is © Copyright 1996-99 by David D. Hsu. Some data were provided by and used with the permission of JCE Software and is owned and copyright by the Division of Chemical Education, Inc. Additional data were provided by Perkin-Elmer through Peter Lykos of IIT. The information may not be redistributed without the permission of David Hsu or JCE Software.