Chemicool

Rh

45

102.9055
Rhodium
General | States | Energies | Oxidation & Electrons |Appearance & Characteristics
Reactions | Other Forms |Radius | Conductivity | Abundance
Encyclopedia Britannica articles

General
Name Rhodium Symbol Rh
atomic number 45 Atomic weight 102.9055
Density @ 293 K 12.4 g/cm3 Atomic volume 8.3 cm3/mol
Group Trans. Met. discovered 1803

States
state (s, l, g) s
melting point 2238.2 K boiling point 4033 K
Heat of fusion 21.50 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization 493.0 kJ/mol
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Energies
1st ionization energy 719.8 kJ/mole electronegativity 2.28
2nd ionization energy 1744.4 kJ/mole electron affinity 109.7 kJ/mole
3rd ionization energy 2996.8 kJ/mole Specific heat 0.242 J/gK
heat atomization 556 kJ/mole atoms

Oxidation & Electrons
Shells 2,8,18,16,1 electron configuration [Kr] 4d8 5s1
minimum oxidation number -1 maximum oxidation number 6
min. common oxidation no. 0 max. common oxidation no. 3
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Appearance & Characteristics
structure fcc: face-centered cubic color silvery-white
uses catalysts, elec. contacts toxicity
hardness mohs characteristics forms hard coatings

Reactions
reaction with air none, w/ht = Rh2O3 reaction with 6M HCl none
reaction with 6M HCl none reaction with 15M HNO3 none
reaction with 6M NaOH none
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Other Forms
number of isotopes 1 hydride(s) none
oxide(s) Rh2O3 RhO2 chloride(s) RhCl3

Radius
ionic radius (2- ion) pm ionic radius (1- ion) pm
atomic radius 134 pm ionic radius (1+ ion) pm
ionic radius (2+ ion) pm ionic radius (3+ ion) 80.5 pm
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Conductivity
thermal conductivity 150 J/m-sec-deg electrical conductivity 221.729 1/mohm-cm
polarizability 8.6 A^3

Abundance
source nickel ores (sulfides) rel. abund. solar system -0.463 log
abundance earth's crust -3 log cost, pure 13000 $/100g
cost, bulk $/100g
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