Chemicool

Pd

46

106.4
Palladium
General | States | Energies | Oxidation & Electrons |Appearance & Characteristics
Reactions | Other Forms |Radius | Conductivity | Abundance
Encyclopedia Britannica articles

General
Name Palladium Symbol Pd
atomic number 46 Atomic weight 106.4
Density @ 293 K 12.02 g/cm3 Atomic volume 8.9 cm3/mol
Group Trans. Met. discovered 1803

States
state (s, l, g) s
melting point 1827.2 K boiling point 3213 K
Heat of fusion 17.60 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization 357.0 kJ/mol
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Energies
1st ionization energy 804.7 kJ/mole electronegativity 2.2
2nd ionization energy 1894 kJ/mole electron affinity 53.7 kJ/mole
3rd ionization energy 3177.2 kJ/mole Specific heat 0.24 J/gK
heat atomization 378 kJ/mole atoms

Oxidation & Electrons
Shells 2,8,18,18 electron configuration [Kr] 4d10
minimum oxidation number 0 maximum oxidation number 4
min. common oxidation no. 0 max. common oxidation no. 4
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Appearance & Characteristics
structure fcc: face-centered cubic color silvery-white
uses catalysts, dental crowns toxicity
hardness 4.8 mohs characteristics absorbs H2

Reactions
reaction with air mild, w/ht, = PdO reaction with 6M HCl none
reaction with 6M HCl none reaction with 15M HNO3 mild, = Pd(NO3)2
reaction with 6M NaOH none
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Other Forms
number of isotopes 6 hydride(s) PdHx x<1 /td non-stoich>
oxide(s) PdO chloride(s) PdCl2

Radius
ionic radius (2- ion) pm ionic radius (1- ion) pm
atomic radius 137 pm ionic radius (1+ ion) pm
ionic radius (2+ ion) 100 pm ionic radius (3+ ion) 90 pm
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Conductivity
thermal conductivity 71.8 J/m-sec-deg electrical conductivity 94.8 1/mohm-cm
polarizability 4.8 A^3

Abundance
source nickel ores (sulfides) rel. abund. solar system 0.143 log
abundance earth's crust -2 log cost, pure 15 $/100g
cost, bulk 290 $/100g
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