Chemicool

F

9

18.998403
Fluorine
General | States | Energies | Oxidation & Electrons |Appearance & Characteristics
Reactions | Other Forms |Radius | Conductivity | Abundance
Encyclopedia Britannica articles

General
Name Fluorine Symbol F
atomic number 9 Atomic weight 18.998403
Density @ 293 K 0.001696 g/cm3 Atomic volume 17.1 cm3/mol
Group Halogen discovered 1886

States
state (s, l, g) g
melting point 53.58 K boiling point 85.1 K
Heat of fusion 0.2552 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization 3.2698 kJ/mol
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Energies
1st ionization energy 1681 kJ/mole electronegativity 3.98
2nd ionization energy 3374.1 kJ/mole electron affinity 328 kJ/mole
3rd ionization energy 6050.3 kJ/mole Specific heat 0.82 J/gK
heat atomization 79 kJ/mole atoms

Oxidation & Electrons
Shells 2,7 electron configuration [He] 2s2 2p5
minimum oxidation number -1 maximum oxidation number 0
min. common oxidation no. -1 max. common oxidation no. 0
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Appearance & Characteristics
structure layers of F2 color colorless
uses fluorocarbons, toothpaste toxicity yes
hardness mohs characteristics diatomic(F2), corrosive

Reactions
reaction with air none reaction with 6M HCl vigorous, = HF, OF2, ClF3
reaction with 6M HCl vigorous, = HF, OF2, ClF3 reaction with 15M HNO3
reaction with 6M NaOH vigorous, = O2, NaF
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Other Forms
number of isotopes 1 hydride(s) HF
oxide(s) OF2 chloride(s) ClF ClF3 ClF5

Radius
ionic radius (2- ion) pm ionic radius (1- ion) 119 pm
atomic radius 72 pm ionic radius (1+ ion) pm
ionic radius (2+ ion) pm ionic radius (3+ ion) pm
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Conductivity
thermal conductivity 0.03 J/m-sec-deg electrical conductivity 0 1/mohm-cm
polarizability 0.634 A^3

Abundance
source Fluorite (misc) rel. abund. solar system 2.926 log
abundance earth's crust 2.8 log cost, pure 190 $/100g
cost, bulk $/100g
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